Lithium Ion Battery Technology has Revolutionized Portable Electronics


Lithium ion batteries were first commercially developed in 1991 by a team of Sony researchers led by Akira Yoshino. Prior to lithium ion, rechargeable batteries included lead-acid, nickel-cadmium (NiCad), and nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) chemistries. Lithium ion offered higher energy density allowing for longer run times and smaller, lighter form factors that were ideal for the growing market of portable electronics. The first commercial application of lithium ion batteries was in Sony's short-lived Minidisc digital audio players in 1992.

Advantages of Lithium Ion Over Previous Battery Technologies
Lithium ion batteries hold around 3 times more charge than the NiCad batteries used in early cellular phones and portable devices. They are lighter in weight while providing more power, which is important for space-constrained mobile devices. Lithium ion has a very low self-discharge rate compared to NiMH and NiCad batteries, retaining around 80% charge after a year of non-use. This "memory effect" where previous battery technologies would lose capacity if continually partially charged is avoided with lithium ion chemistry.


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